Circulating water boiler



April 8, 1958 A. E. EILERS CIRCULATING WATER BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filgd Sept. 16, 1955 I N VEN TOR.

ALBERT I. EMERS ATTORNEYS.

April 8, 1958 A. E. EILERS CIRCULATING WATER BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 16, 1955 INVENTOR.

Albina EZMS ATTCI R N E Ys United States Patent CIRCULATING WATER BOILER Albert E. Eilers, Baltimore, Md.

Application September 16, 1955, Serial No. 534,706

3 Claims. (Cl. 122-406) This invention relates to steam boilers for residence and industrial use, and in particular a boiler having an offset firebox or a narrow or thin portion in the water jacket at a (hot spot) or point at one side of the boiler in which water of the boiler is pinched or crowded into a small area whereby, with the heat applied to a thin wall or film of water the water is rapidly converted into steam which rushes upwardly to the upper part of the boiler drawing cool water downwardly on the opposite side and causing rapid circulation of water in the boiler so that all water of the boiler is subjected to intense heat.

The purpose of this invention is to improve the elliciency of steam boilers by providing one point in a boiler where a relatively thin wall of water is subjected to in tense heat and readily converted into steam producing circulation of water of the boiler.

In conventional boilers water is maintained between spaced walls at the sides of a firebox or in water tubes extended through a firebox, however, water supplied to the water compartment or compartments from a tap or the like remains substantially stationary or dead with heat of the combustion chamber and firebox producing bubbles which pass upwardly through the water but do not cause circulation of the water. By this means and with the hot water passing through the upper portion of the boiler water vapors and steam pass upwardly from the upper water level with the water in the lower part of the boiler remaining substantially stationary.

With this thought in mind this invention contemplates crowding the water of a boiler into a relatively thin film at a point at one or on both sides of a boiler whereby with the film positioned to be subjected to intense heat of the firebox water of the film is rapidly converted into steam which passes upwardly through the water of the boiler drawing water downwardly on the opposite side to replace the water converted into steam and consequently causing circulation of water in the boiler.

The object of this invention is, therefore, to provide means for constructing a steam boiler so that circulation of water in the boiler is obtained.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for arranging the parts of a boiler so that a thin film of water is obtained at one side of a firebox whereby with the thin film of water subjected to heat of the combustion chamber and firebox steam is readily generated and the steam passing upwardly through the water of the boiler stimulates circulation thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide a boiler having a thin section in the water compartment at one side for subjecting a thin film of water to the heat of the boiler and creating circulation in which the boiler is of a simple and economical construction.

With these and other objects and advantages in view the invention embodies a boiler having a firebox and combustion chamber surrounded by a wall or jacket of water in which the wall of the firebox and combustion chambers at one side of the boiler is positioned relatively close to the ice outer wall of the boiler providing an area in which a thin film of water is positioned so that with the thin film of water subjected to the heat of the combustion chamber steam is rapidly produced and the steam passing upwardly through the water causes circulation thereof.

Other features and advantages of the invention will ap pear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a typical steam boiler taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 2 showing the relative positions of the parts.

Figure 2 is a cross section through the boiler shown in Fig. 1 taken on line 22 thereof showing an oliset firebox and combustion chamber whereby a relatively thin film of water is provided at one side of the boiler.

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of a vertical cylindrical type of boiler with the firebox in the lower end and with the upper edge of the firebox comparatively close to the outer wall of the boiler at all points except portions wherein recesses are provided in the firebox for the downward passage of cool water.

Figure 4 is a typical plan through the boiler shown in Fig. 3 showing cool water recesses at two points of the firebox.

Figure 5 is a cross section through a boiler of a different type showing a thin section at one side of a firebox connected by a tube to the water jacket or compartment extended upwardly from the firebox on one side and with a return on the opposite side of the boiler extended from the water jacket or wall to the lower portion of the firebox.

Figure 6 is a cross section through a boiler showing lower portions of inner walls of a double wall boiler housing inclined outwardly providing thin sections at the sides of the firebox whereby thin films of water are subjected to the heat of the burner.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal section through the boiler shown in Fig. 6 illustrating wide return sections of the water jacket at the ends of the boiler whereby steam generated from thin films of water passes upwardly at the sides causing circulation with cool water returning at the ends of the boiler.

Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts the improved automatic circulating boiler of this invention includes a boiler housing 18 having a firebox with a bottom 11 and side walls 12 and 13 mounted in an offset position in the housing and the firebox, which is provided with a firebricl: or refractory lining 14 is provided with a dome-shaped top 15 providing a combustion chamber 16.

With the parts arranged, particularly as illustrated in Fig. 2, the water at one side of the boiler is pinched or crowded into a comparatively thin film 17 and with the thin film subjected to intense heat of combustion water of the film is rapidly converted into steam which passes upwardly as indicated by the arrows 18 drawing cool water from the lower part of the boiler as indicated by the arrows 19 and thereby causing circulation through the wide area 20 on the opposite side of the boiler as indicated by the arrows 21. j

The boiler may be provided with a relief valve 22 and other conventional elements such as steam. and water gauges and the like.

in the design shown the boiler housing It} is upported by walls 23 and 24 and a typical burner 25 with a nozzle 26 extended therefrom is shown as extended through a front door 27 of the boiler.

In the design illustrated in Fig. 3 a boiler 23 provided with a firebox 29 and a stack connection 26 is illustrated and it will be understood that the burner, as indicated by the numeral 30 may be positioned below the firebox or in the firebox, as shown in Fig. 1 or in any desired position.

In the design illustrated in Fig. 3 water of the boiler is pinched or crowded through circular areas 31 and 32 extended around portions of the boiler and the firebox is provided with recesses 33 and 34 providing enlarged openings at spaced points around the boiler to facilitate downward passage of cool Water as the steam passes up wardly producing relatively rapid circulation of water around the firebox. The boiler may be provided with a typical water inlet connection, such as the connection 35 and also with a steam outlet connection, as indicated by the numeral 36. The boiler may also be provided with suitable valves for the steam, a relief valve and water and steam gauges.

In the design illustrated in Fig. 5 a boiler having an outer wall 37 and an inner wall 38 is illustrated and a firebox 39 positioned in the lower part of the boiler is provided with an inner wall 40 and an outer wall 41 and with the inner wall sloping outwardly water in an area 42 positioned around the firebox is pinched or squeezed into an area 43 in which the water is converted into steam which passes through a connection 44 into the water jacket 45 between the inner and outer walls of the boiler with cold water passing downwardly on the opposite side passing through connections 46 into the lower part of the area 42 around the firebox.

in the modification illustrated in Fig. 6 a boiler having an outer wall 47 and an inner wall 48 is illustrated and the inner wall is provided with inclined panels 49 and 50 at the sides which slope outwardly providing thin sections or films of water 51 and 52 at the offset portions and 54, respectively of the wall whereby said thin films of water subjected to the heat of a burner, such as the burner 55 are rapidly converted into steam with the steam passing upwardly into a steam dome or chest at the upper end of the boiler and with the water converted into steam being replaced by cool water drawn downwardly through areas 56 and 57 at the ends of the boiler.

It will be understood, therefore, that various methods may be employed for pinching walls of a water jacket or compartment of a boiler together whereby a thin film or thin films of water, positioned at the sides of a firebox or burner, are subjected to intense heat and rapidly converted into steam which passes upwardly with the water converted into steam being replaced by water drawn downwardly through the opposite side or ends of a boiler.

It will be understood that boilers of this type and design may be used for steam engines and turbines, and particularly with a hot firebox surrounded with a gradually diminishing area steam discharged from the device may be injected into the atmosphere providing a steam jet engine, which, when mounted in an airship provides a powerful driving force. Water fed to the device intermittently is immediately converted into steam at high pressure, thereby providing a substantially constant driving force.

It will be understood that other modifications, within the scope of the appended claims, may be made in the ie sign and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a boiler, the combination which comprises a housing, a firebox including a base with side walls extended upwardly therefrom mounted in the housing and posiitoned with one of the side walls spaced a greater distance from the housing on said one side of the boiler than the other side wall is spaced from the housing on the opposite side providing a relatively thin body of wateron said opposite side of the housing the narrow spacing of said opposite side of the boiler being dimensioned to cause the thin film of water contained therein below the liquid level to vaporize or flash into steam whereby with upper and lower portions of the thin body of water coupled to corresponding portions of the large body of water on the said one side and with the same amount of heat applied to the Water on both sides of the boiler greater circulation in the boiler is obtained, the amount of heat utilized to convert the water in the narrow space providing the restricted area into steam thereby causing a fast-circulation of water in the boiler and causing the stack loss to drop immediately. I I

2. A boiler comprising a housing, a firebox including a base with side walls extended upwardly therefrom mounted in the housing and positioned with one of the side walls thereof spaced a greater distance from thehousing on said one side of the boiler than the other side wall is spaced from the housing on the opposite side of the boiler thus providing a narrow space between the side wall of the firebox and said opposite side of the boiler, said narrow space on said opposite side of the boiler being dimensioned to cause a thin film of water contained therein and positioned below the liquid level to be directly subjected to the intense heat of fire in the firebox thereby causing the water to vaporize or flash into steam whereby the thin body of water on said opposite side coupled with the large body of water on said one side of the boiler causes rapid circulation of water in the boiler, the amount of heat utilized to convert the water in the narrow space into steam thereby causing a fast circulation of water in the boiler and causing the stack loss to drop immediately.

3. A boiler comprising a housing, a firebox including a base with side walls extended upwardly therefrom mounted in the housing and positioned with one ofthe side walls thereof spaced a greater distance from the housing on one side of the boiler than the other side wall is spaced from the housing on the opposite side of theboiler, said narrow spacing on said opposite side bei-ngdime-nsioned to cause a thin film contained therein below --the liquid level to vaporize or flash into steam, whereby the thin body of water on said opposite side coupled with-the large body of water on said one side'being subjected-to the heat of the firebox of the boiler, greater circulation of water in the side of the boiler in which thethin body of water is positioned is obtained resulting in continuouscirculation of water throughout the boiler, the amount of heat utilized to convert the restricted areainto-steamcausing a fast circulation of water in the boiler and causing the stack loss to drop immediately. 1

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,034,452 De Bije Mar..17, 1936 2,548,287 Blake Apr. 10,1951

FOREIGN PATENTS 360,279 France -of 1905 4,466 Great Britain 1898 463,212 Great Britain M Mar. 24, 1937 232,562 Switzerland Sept. 1, 1944 306,058 Italy Feb. 23, 1933 

